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Meibomian gland obstruction commonly leads to the formation of a chalazion. The meibomian glands are located along the edge of the eyelids and produce an oily substance that helps to lubricate the eye and prevent tears from evaporating too quickly. When these glands become obstructed, the oil can accumulate inside the gland, leading to inflammation and the formation of a cyst-like structure known as a chalazion.

Chalazia are typically painless lumps and can occur due to various factors, including chronic blepharitis or inadequate eyelid hygiene. Unlike the other conditions listed, such as conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, or uveitis, which are primarily associated with infections or inflammation of different parts of the eye, chalazia are specifically related to the dysfunction of the meibomian glands. Therefore, understanding the anatomy and physiology of the glands and their functions can aid in recognizing the relationship between obstruction and the resulting chalazion.